Statement by Ms. Hala AlKarbi, SIHA Network, Regional Director: UN Security Council Briefing on Sudan

Photo credit: UN Photo

 

President, Excellencies,

Thank you for the opportunity to brief you today. I am Hala Alkarib, a Sudanese woman, human rights defender, and regional director of the Strategic Initiative for Women in the Horn of Africa (SIHA), a grassroots feminist network. Like millions of Sudanese people, I have lost family members and my home as a result of the war.

I have had the honor of speaking to the Security Council twice before: first in September 2021,[1] when I warned of the fragility of Sudan’s democratic transition, and again in October 2023,[2] just six months after the war erupted, when I described its devastating impact on Sudanese women and girls and the growing risk of genocide. To be here a third time, only to report that the situation is even worse, is an indictment not just of the warring parties but of this Council’s inability to stop the bloodshed.

Over 1,000 days since the start of the war, despite repeated warnings, this Council has failed to act. Every red line — siege,[3] forced displacement,[4] man-made famine,[5] genocide,[6] mass rape[7] — has been crossed. As we approach a point of no return in Sudan, I am here with two messages.

One, every day this war continues, it destroys the lives and brutalizes the bodies of Sudanese women and girls.

And two: The worst atrocities that have already taken place during this war risk happening again, with civilians paying the price. For instance, the Rapid Support Forces’ (RSF) atrocities in El Geneina,[8] or in El Fasher, where the scale of the killing was so shocking that pools of blood were seen from space.[9] And now, Greater Kordofan and Blue Nile, where drone attacks by all parties are killing civilians and destroying hospitals, schools and markets.[10] The escalation of the conflict is already destabilizing the entire region. Unless you act now, you will have more blood on your hands.

Let me start with the first: Women, regardless of who they are, face systemic violence by all actors. They are targeted for their ethnicity, the color of their skin, being poor, their ability, and their political affiliation, among other factors.

Sexual and gender-based violence against Sudanese women and girls is a central feature of the conflict. Such violence, including rape, torture, enslavement, trafficking, detention, abductions and killings, continues.[11] Since the beginning of the war, we at SIHA have documented over 1,294 cases of conflict-related sexual violence against women and girls, perpetrated primarily by the RSF and their allies.[12]

In Darfur, the RSF and their allies have deliberately targeted women and girls from the Fur, Masalit, Berti, Zaghawa and Tunjur communities[13] on the basis of their ethnicity.[14] As the UN Fact-Finding Mission confirmed in a report today, this is part of a strategy of genocide aimed at eradicating native African communities, one that we — as civil society — have seen in Darfur for decades, and have warned you about for years.[15] We fear that the RSF will continue their genocidal violence throughout Greater Kordofan and Blue Nile.

Sexual violence, arbitrary detention and enforced disappearance of women in areas under RSF control remain severely underdocumented due to the RSF’s deliberate restriction of access, targeted communications blackout, and retaliation against those who speak out.[16] Still, we know that thousands of women and children have been detained in the villages of Garny, Tura and Tabit in North Darfur,[17] and that the RSF has turned hospitals, schools and other sites into detention centers.[18] Forced and child marriage to RSF soldiers is also frequently linked to abduction and enforced disappearance.[19]

The suffering of women doesn’t end by escaping to safer areas or after the RSF is driven out of specific regions; they must still contend with entrenched legal discrimination.[20]

Between August 2024–December 2025, we received reports of more than 840 women being detained by the local police and military intelligence in areas controlled by the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF), including Wad Madani (Al Gezira), Khartoum, Gedaref, Port Sudan, Dilling, Kadugli and El Obeid.[21] Many of these women are accused of being RSF collaborators, often based solely on their ethnicity[22] or the fact that they were unable to escape when the RSF took control. Women detained by the SAF are frequently subjected to degrading treatment, including ethnic slurs, and physical assaults during interrogation, and lack the means for legal representation to contest their detention.[23]

The collapse of the healthcare system[24] means that survivors of sexual and gender-based violence lack adequate medical care and psychosocial support. Without access to necessary sexual and reproductive health care,[25] including post-rape care,[26] women are dying of hepatitis, HIV/AIDS, syphilis and other STIs. Without access to emergency contraception and safe abortion,[27] survivors are forced to carry unwanted pregnancies to term.

Even women volunteers and frontline workers, who are instrumental in assisting survivors, are being targeted — killed, raped, detained or forcibly disappeared.[28]

This horrific sexual violence has not only destroyed lives, it has ripped apart our communities.

This brings me to my second point. None of this will stop without immediate action from you, the international community.

Excellencies, unchecked external interference in this conflict allows these atrocities to continue. The Panel of Experts and international NGOs have documented the flow of weapons and military equipment into Darfur, including by the United Arab Emirates, in violation of this Council’s arms embargo.[29] You can stop the violence by pressuring the RSF’s powerful backers with economic, political and criminal consequences.

This Security Council must act immediately to stop the violence in Sudan by taking the following actions:

  • Demand an immediate cessation of hostilities and targeting of civilians and civilian infrastructure, including the use of starvation and sexual violence as weapons of war. Demand the release of all civilians held by warring parties, particularly women held by the RSF in conditions amounting to sexual slavery. Deploy a mission with a clear mandate to protect civilians across Sudan, especially Darfur, in collaboration with the African Union.
  • Call on all Member States to immediately cease arms transfers that risk being used to commit war crimes, crimes against humanity or genocide, including sexual and gender-based violence. Expand the arms embargo to the whole of Sudan, and hold violators accountable, including through targeted sanctions. And stop Sudan from being a playground for regional actors.
  • Demand safe, immediate and sustained humanitarian access. Condemn all assaults on aid delivery, including the recent attack on a World Food Programme convoy in North Kordofan.[30] Urgently provide support and resources to Sudanese women-led organizations, including emergency response rooms, so that they can continue their life-saving work.
  • Hold all perpetrators accountable for genocide and other international crimes, including all forms of gender-based violence.[31] Support accountability efforts, including the ongoing work of the International Criminal Court, and call on all parties to allow access for independent monitors and investigators, including the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for Sudan.

 

This war aims to strip women of their agency. You must therefore ensure that Sudanese women in all their diversity are meaningfully included in all efforts to resolve the conflict.[32]

This Council must do everything in its power to prevent further atrocities, and to ensure that Sudan is not forgotten. I urge you to meet more frequently to focus attention on Sudan, consider a country visit, and include women’s rights in all your decisions on this conflict. Most importantly, you must ensure that any end to this conflict does not come at the expense of accountability or respect for international law and that it is overseen by the UN. 

Excellencies, as you seek solutions to the war in Sudan, I urge you to remember that I, like thousands of other Sudanese women and men, have dedicated my life to challenging oppression and dictatorship. We have repeatedly proven that we can lead Sudan’s struggle for peace and democracy. The future of Sudan must be written by its own people. Thank you.

[1] UN Security Council Briefing on Sudan by Hala Al-Karib, 13 September 2021, https://www.womenpeacesecurity.org/resource/un-security-council-briefing-sudan-hala-al-karib/.

[2] Statement by Ms. Hala Al Karib at the UN Security Council Open Debate on Women, Peace and Security, 25 October 2023, https://www.womenpeacesecurity.org/resource/statement-hala-alkarib-security-council-open-debate-women-peace-security/.

[3] OHCHR, “‘They were shooting us like animals’: RSF final offensive and capture of besieged El Fasher (24-30 October 2025),” 13 February 2026, https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/countries/sudan/2026-02-13-rsf-offensive-fasher-capture-1-en.pdf; OHCHR, “Report of OHCHR Sudan Country Office on the siege of El Fasher, North Darfur since May 2024,” 20 December 2024, https://www.ohchr.org/en/documents/country-reports/report-ohchr-sudan-country-office-siege-el-fasher-north-darfur-may-2024.

[4] UNHCR, “Sudan Situation,” accessed 9 February 2026, https://data.unhcr.org/en/situations/sudansituation; OCHA, “Sudan Key Facts and Figures (as of 31 December 2025),” https://www.unocha.org/publications/report/sudan/sudan-key-facts-and-figures-31-december-2025; Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan [hereinafter “Sudan FFM”], “Sudan: A War of Atrocities,” ¶31-32, 41-43, 87, 104, 132, 5 September 2025, A/HRC/60/22, https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/ffm-sudan/a-hrc-60-22-auv.pdf [hereinafter “Sudan: A War of Atrocities”].

[5] Famine Early Warning System Network, “Sudan – Key Message Update: Famine remains possible despite siege breakthrough in South Kordofan (January – May 2026), 6 February 2026, https://fews.net/east-africa/sudan/key-message-update/january-2026; IPC, “Famine threshold for acute malnutrition surpassed in two more North Darfur localities, crisis worsening in Greater Kordofan,” 5 February 2026, https://www.ipcinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/ipcinfo/docs/IPC_Alert_Sudan_Feb2026.pdf; IPC, “Famine Review Committee: Sudan, October 2025,” 3 November 2025, https://www.ipcinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/ipcinfo/docs/IPC_Famine_Review_Committee_Report_Sudan_Oct_2025.pdf.

[6] Press Conference by Under-Secretary-General and Special Adviser of the Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide, Mr. Chaloka Beyani, 18 December 2025, https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/usg_and_sa_pog_beyani_press_statement_on_sudan_18dec2025.pdf; Darfur Advocacy Group, “Report on the Situation in El Fasher, North Darfur,” 3 November 2025, https://sihanet.org/report-on-the-situation-in-el-fasher-north-darfur/; Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect, “Joint Statement: Genocide Returns to Darfur,” 15 April 2025, https://www.globalr2p.org/publications/joint-statement-genocide-returns-to-darfur/; Briefing to the 57th session of the Human Rights Council by Ms. Alice Wairimu Nderitu, Under-Secretary General and Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide, 10 September 2024, https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/usg_sa_nderitu_human_rights_council_sudan_10_sep_2024.pdf.

[7] SIHA Network, “More than Numbers: Report on the State of Violence Against Women and Girls in Sudan (2023-2025),” 10 December 2025, https://sihanet.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/SIHA-More-Than-Numbers-Report-Final.pdf; Amnesty International, “‘They Raped All of Us’: Sexual Violence Against Women and Girls in Sudan,” 10 April 2025, https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/afr54/9201/2025/en/; Human Rights Watch, “‘Khartoum is Not Safe for Women!’: Sexual Violence against Women and Girls in Sudan’s Capital,” 28 July 2024, https://www.hrw.org/report/2024/07/28/khartoum-not-safe-women/sexual-violence-against-women-and-girls-sudans-capital.

[8] Sudan FFM, “Findings of the investigations conducted by the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan into violations of international human rights law and international humanitarian law, and related crimes, committed in the Sudan in the context of the conflict that erupted in mid-April 2023,” ¶153-164, A/HRC/57/CRP.6, 23 October 2024, https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session57/A-HRC-57-CRP-6-en.pdf [hereinafter “A/HRC/57/CRP.6”]; Human Rights Watch, “‘The Massalit Will Not Come Home’: Ethnic Cleansing and Crimes Against Humanity in El Geneina, West Darfur, Sudan,” 9 May 2024, https://www.hrw.org/report/2024/05/09/massalit-will-not-come-home/ethnic-cleansing-and-crimes-against-humanity-el; Final report of the Panel of Experts on the Sudan, ¶69-76, 15 January 2024, S/2024/65, https://docs.un.org/en/S/2024/65.

[9] Nathaniel Raymond, Caitlin Howarth et. al., “Human Security Emergency – Day Two of RSF Control: Mass Killings Continue in El-Fasher,” Humanitarian Research Lab at Yale School of Public Health, 28 October 2025, https://files-profile.medicine.yale.edu/documents/b9c14991-6b22-492e-9e16-f903d25d9b49; Nathaniel Raymond, Caitlin Howarth, et. al., “Human Security Emergency – El-Fasher Falls to RSF: Evidence of Mass Killing,” Humanitarian Research Lab at Yale School of Public Health, 27 October 2025, https://files-profile.medicine.yale.edu/documents/876b4afc-e1da-495b-ac32-b5098699a371.

[10] OHCHR, “Sudan: Turk alarmed after scores killed in drone attacks in two days,” 18 February 2026, https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2026/02/sudan-turk-alarmed-after-scores-killed-drone-attacks-two-days;  Al Jazeera, “Drone attack on busy market in Sudan kills at least 28,” 16 February 2026, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/2/16/drone-strike-on-busy-market-in-sudan-kills-at-least-28; UN News, “Civilians and aid operations under fire as Sudan airstrikes intensify,” 11 February 2026, https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/02/1166945; OHCHR, “High Commissioner Turk calls on states to do more to end senseless war in Sudan,” 9 February 2026, https://www.ohchr.org/en/statements-and-speeches/2026/02/high-commissioner-turk-calls-states-do-more-end-senseless-war-sudan [noting drone attacks in North and South Kordofan by RSF and SAF in early 2026].

[11] SIHA Network supra note 7; Statement by Ms. Ikhlass Ahmed at the UN Security Council Open Debate on Conflict-Related Sexual Violence, 19 August 2025, https://www.womenpeacesecurity.org/resource/statement-unsc-crsv-open-debate-ahmed/; Report of the Secretary-General on conflict-related sexual violence, ¶58-61, 15 July 2025, S/2025/389,https://docs.un.org/en/s/2025/389.

[12] 87% of cases documented by SIHA where perpetrator information was available were attributed to RSF soldiers. SIHA Network supra note 7, p. 6.

[13] Statement by Ms. Ikhlass Ahmed supra note 11; Statement by Ms. Niemat Ahmadi at the UN Security Council Open Debate on Conflict-Related Sexual Violence, 23 April 2024, https://www.womenpeacesecurity.org/resource/statement-unsc-crsv-open-debate-ahmadi/.

[14] Sudan FFM, “Sudan: A War of Atrocities” ¶64-65, 68-70; Sudan FFM, A/HRC/57/CRP.6, ¶159, 182, 197.

[15] Sudan FFM, “Sudan: Hallmarks of Genocide in El-Fasher,” 17 February 2026, A/HRC/61/77, https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session61/advance-version/a-hrc-61-77-auv-en.pdf; International Criminal Court, “The Prosecutor v. Ali Muhammad Ali Abd-al-Rahman (‘Ali Kushayb’) – Trial Judgment,” ¶278-289, 431-435, 866-870, 6 October 2025, ICC-02/05-01/20, https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/CourtRecords/0902ebd180cb3b4e.pdf;  Human Rights Watch, “Mass Rape in North Darfur: Sudanese Army Attacks against Civilians in Tabit,” 11 February 2015, https://www.hrw.org/report/2015/02/11/mass-rape-north-darfur/sudanese-army-attacks-against-civilians-tabit.

[16] OHCHR, “‘They were shooting us like animals’: RSF final offensive and capture of besieged El Fasher (24-30 October 2025),” ¶73-74, 13 February 2026, https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/countries/sudan/2026-02-13-rsf-offensive-fasher-capture-1-en.pdf; Emergency Telecommunications Cluster, “ETC Sudan Dashboard – January 2026,” 3 February 2026, https://etcluster.org/document/etc-sudan-dashboard-january-2026 [indicating internet connectivity is suspended in Darfur]; MSF, “MSF finds El Fasher largely destroyed and empty during visit,” 28 January 2026, https://www.msf.org/msf-finds-el-fasher-sudan-largely-destroyed-and-empty-during-visit [noting restricted access to RSF-controlled El Fasher]; Committee to Protect Journalists, “As Sudan’s El-Fasher falls, the world loses sight of its journalists,” updated 4 November 2025, https://cpj.org/2025/10/as-sudans-el-fasher-falls-the-world-loses-sight-of-its-journalists/.

[17] Based on internal documentation by SIHA.

[18] OHCHR, “‘They were shooting us like animals’: RSF final offensive and capture of besieged El Fasher (24-30 October 2025),” ¶78, 83, 13 February 2026, https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/countries/sudan/2026-02-13-rsf-offensive-fasher-capture-1-en.pdf;Sudan FFM, “Sudan: A War of Atrocities,” ¶45-48; Redress, “Serious Human Rights Violations Perpetrated in the Context of Mass Civilian Detention in Sudan,” pp. 27-28, September 2024, https://redress.org/storage/2024/09/Sudan-Arbitrary-Detention-Report_EN-v.2.pdf.

[19] Mohaned Elnour, “Forced Marriage in Sudan: A Silent Crime Perpetrated in War and Peace,” Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy, 21 November 2024, https://timep.org/2024/11/21/forced-marriage-in-sudan-a-silent-crime-perpetrated-in-war-and-peace/; Human Rights Watch supra note 7, pp. 43-45; OHCHR, “Sudan: Alarming reports of women and girls abducted and forced to marry, held for ransom,” 3 November 2023, https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-briefing-notes/2023/11/sudan-alarming-reports-women-and-girls-abducted-and-forced-marry-held.

[20] Human Rights Watch supra note 7, pp. 25-28 [legal framework pertaining to SGBV]. In addition, Sudan has not acceded to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), and has signed but not ratified the Maputo Protocol. Sudan FFM, A/HRC/57/CRP.6, ¶36.

[21] SIHA Network supra note 7, p. 21; ISHR, “Sudan: Over 25 women face charges that could lead to execution,” 14 April 2025, https://ishr.ch/latest-updates/sudan-over-25-women-facing-charges-that-could-lead-to-execution/.

[22] Redress supra note 18, pp. 21-22.

[23] SIHA Network supra note 7, p. 21; Redress supra note 18, p. 26.

[24] As of late 2025, over 80% of health facilities in conflict zones were non-functional. UNFPA, “Situation Report on the Crisis in Sudan – 1-30 November 2025,” 28 December 2025, https://www.unfpa.org/resources/situation-report-crisis-sudan-november-2025.

[25] Sudan FFM, A/HRC/57/CRP.6, ¶211-215; OHCHR, “Sudan: Experts call for immediate support for survivors of gender-based violence and an end to targeting of women first responders and human rights defenders,” 30 August 2024, https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2024/08/sudan-experts-call-immediate-support-survivors-gender-based-violence-and-end.

[26] Human Rights Watch supra note 7, pp. 59-62.

[27] Sudan FFM, A/HRC/57/CRP.6, ¶206-207; Human Rights Watch supra note 7, pp. 68-71.

[28] SIHA Network, “Press Statement – Darfur Genocide Continues: RSF Slaughters Civilians, Women Volunteers, and Children in Zamzam Camp,” 12 April 2025, https://sihanet.org/press-statement-darfur-genocide-continues-rsf-slaughters-civilians-women-volunteers-and-children-in-zamzam-camp/; Sudan FFM, A/HRC/57/CRP.6, ¶313; OHCHR, “Sudan: Experts call for immediate support for survivors of gender-based violence and an end to targeting of women first responders and human rights defenders,” 30 August 2024, https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2024/08/sudan-experts-call-immediate-support-survivors-gender-based-violence-and-end; Human Rights Watch supra note 7, pp. 64-66.

[29] Amnesty International, “Sudan: Advanced Chinese weaponry provided by UAE identified in breach of arms embargo – new investigation,” 8 May 2025, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/05/sudan-advanced-chinese-weaponry-provided-by-uae-identified-in-breach-of-arms-embargo-new-investigation/; Final report of the Panel of Experts on Sudan supra note 8, ¶41-52; Amnesty International, “Sudan: French-manufactured weapons system identified in conflict – new investigation,” 14 November 2024, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/11/sudan-french-manufactured-weapons-system-identified-in-conflict-new-investigation/; Human Rights Watch, “Fanning the Flames: Sudanese Warring Parties’ Access to New Foreign-Made Weapons and Equipment,” 9 September 2024, https://www.hrw.org/news/2024/09/09/fanning-flames; Amnesty International, “Sudan: Constant flow of arms fuelling relentless civilian suffering in conflict – new investigation,” 25 July 2024, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/07/sudan-constant-flow-of-arms-fuelling-relentless-civilian-suffering-in-conflict-new-investigation/.

[30] Statement by the United Nations Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator in Sudan, Denise Brown – Attack on aid trucks transporting food in North Kordofan, 6 February 2026, https://reliefweb.int/report/sudan/statement-united-nations-resident-and-humanitarian-coordinator-sudan-denise-brown-attack-aid-trucks-transporting-food-north-kordofan-6-february-2026.

[31] See Statement by UN Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict, 11 November 2025, https://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/press-release/un-special-representative-on-sexual-violence-in-conflict-ms-pramila-patten-condemns-brutal-attacks-in-north-darfur-and-north-kordofan-and-calls-on-all-parties-to-take-immediate-measures-to-cease-a/.

[32] Sudanese women have been excluded from formal peace negotiations since the beginning of the war. See Darfur Women Action Group, “Women, Peace, and Justice in Sudan: 25 Years of 1325,” https://www.darfurwomenaction.org/press_release/darfur-women-action-group-dwag-statement-for-women-peace-and-security-week-2025/.

إحاطة السيدة هالة الكارب اجتماع مجلس الأمن الدولي بشأن السودان

19 فبراير 2026

 

السيدة  الرئيسة، أصحاب السعادة،

أشكركم على إتاحة الفرصة لي لتقديم هذه الإحاطة اليوم. أنا هالة الكارب، امرأة سودانية، ومدافعة عن حقوق الإنسان، والمديرة الإقليمية للمبادرة الاستراتيجية لنساء القرن الأفريقي (صيحة)، وهي شبكة نسوية قاعديّة. وإنّي، كحال الملايين من السودانيين، فقدتُ أفرادًا من عائلتي وفقدت بيتي من جرّاء هذه الحرب.

لقد نلتُ شرف التحدّث أمام مجلس الأمن مرتين من قبل: الأولى في سبتمبر 2021،[1] حين حذرتُ من هشاشة الانتقال الديمقراطي في السودان، ومرة أخرى في أكتوبر 2023،[2] بعد ستة أشهر فقط من اندلاع الحرب، حين وصفتُ تأثيرها الكارثي على النساء والفتيات السودانيات والخطر المتزايد للإبادة الجماعية. وما حضرت هنا للمرة الثالثة إلا لأبلغكم بأنّ الوضع بات أسوأ بكثير، وهو إدانة لا تقتصر على الأطراف المتحاربة وحدها، بل تشمل أيضًا عجز هذا المجلس عن وقف إراقة الدماء.

لقد مضى أكثر من 1,000 يوم على اندلاع الحرب، وفشل هذا المجلس في التحرّك رغم التحذيرات المتكررة. وقد تمّ تجاوز الخطوط الحمراء كلها — حصار،[3] تهجير قسري،[4] مجاعة مصطنعة،[5] إبادة جماعية،[6] اغتصاب جماعي.[7] وبينما نقترب من نقطة اللاعودة في السودان، أحمل إليكم رسالتين.

الأولى أنّ كل يوم تستمر فيه هذه الحرب تتدمر فيه حياة النساء والفتيات السودانيات وتُنتهك أجسادهن بوحشية.

والثانية أنّ أسوأ الفظائع التي وقعت بالفعل خلال هذه الحرب من المحتمل أن تتكرر، حيث يدفع المدنيون الثمن. ودونكم فظائع قوات الدعم السريع في الجنينة،[8] أو في الفاشر، حيث كان حجم القتل صادمًا لدرجة أنّ بِرَكَ الدماء شوهدت من الفضاء.[9] والآن، في كردفان الكبرى والنيل الأزرق، حيث تقتل الهجمات بالطائرات المسيرة على يدّ جميع الأطراف، المدنيين وتدمّر المستشفيات والمدارس والأسواق.[10] إنّ تصعيد النزاع قد أدى إلى زعزعة استقرار المنطقة بأكملها. وما لم تتحركوا الآن، فستتحملون مسؤولية سفك المزيد من الدماء.

دعوني أبدأ بالنقطة الأولى: تواجه النساء، بغض النظر عن هويتهن، عنفًا ممنهجًا على يدّ جميع الأطراف الفاعلة. ويُستهدفهن بسبب انتمائهن العرقي، ولون بشرتهن، وفقرهن، وقدراتهن، وانتمائهن السياسي، من بين عوامل أخرى.

ويعد العنف القائم على النوع الاجتماعي والعنف الجنسي ضدّ النساء والفتيات السودانيات سِمّة مركزيّة لهذا النزاع. ويستمر هذا العنف، بما في ذلك الاغتصاب والتعذيب والاستعباد والاتجار، والاحتجاز، والاختطاف، والقتل.[11] ومنذ بداية الحرب، وَثّقنا في شبكة (صيحة) أكثر من 1294 حالة عنف جنسي مرتبط بالنزاع ضدّ النساء والفتيات، ارتكبتها في المقام الأول قوات الدعم السريع وحلفاؤها.[12]

وفي دارفور، استهدفت قوات الدعم السريع وحلفاؤها النساء والفتيات من مجتمعات الفور والمساليت والبرتي والزغاوة والتنجر[13] عمدًا على أساس انتمائهن العرقيّ.[14] وكما أكَّدت بعثة الأمم المتحدة لتقصِّي الحقائق في تقرير صدر اليوم، فإنّ هذا الاستهداف جزء من استراتيجية إبادة جماعية تهدف إلى القضاء على المجتمعات الأفريقية الأصلية، وهي استراتيجية شهدناها –بصفتنا مجتمعًا مدنيًا – في دارفور لعقودٍ من الزمن، وحذرناكم منها لسنوات.[15] ونخشى أن تواصل قوات الدعم السريع عنفها الرامي إلى الإبادة في جميع أنحاء كردفان الكبرى والنيل الأزرق.

ولا يزال العنف الجنسي والاحتجاز التعسفي والاختفاء القسري للنساء في المناطق الخاضعة لسيطرة قوات الدعم السريع يفتقر بشدة إلى التوثيق بسبب القيود المتعمدة التي تفرضها قوات الدعم السريع على الوصول، وقطع الاتصالات المستهدف، والانتقام ممن يتحدثون علنًا.[16] ومع ذلك، نعلم أنّ آلاف النساء والأطفال قد احتُجزوا في قرى قرني وطرة وتابت في شمال دارفور،[17] وأنّ قوات الدعم السريع حولت المستشفيات والمدارس ومواقع أخرى إلى مراكز احتجاز.[18] كما يرتبط الزواج القسري وزواج الطفلات من جنود قوات الدعم السريع في كثيرٍ من الأحيان بالاختطاف والاختفاء القسري.[19]

ومعاناة النساء لا تنتهي بالهروب إلى مناطق أكثر أمانًا أو تنتهي بعد طرد قوات الدعم السريع من مناطق بعينها؛ إذ لا يزال عليهن مواجهة التمييز القانوني الراسخ.[20]

فقد تلقينا في الفترة ما بين أغسطس 2024 وديسمبر 2025، تقارير عن احتجاز أكثر من 840 امرأة من قبل الشرطة المحلية والاستخبارات العسكرية في المناطق التي تسيطر عليها القوات المسلحة السودانية، بما في ذلك ود مدني (الجزيرة)، والخرطوم، والقضارف، وبورتسودان، والدلنج، وكادقلي، والأبيض.[21] وتُتهم العديد من هؤلاء النساء بالتعاون مع قوات الدعم السريع، غالبًا بسبب انتمائهن العرقي[22] فقط، أو لأنّهن لم يتمكنّ من الفرار عندما سيطرت قوات الدعم السريع. وكثيرًا ما تتعرّض النساء المحتجزات لدى القوات المسلحة السودانية لمعاملة مهينة، تشمل الإهانات العرقية والاعتداءات الجسدية أثناء الاستجواب، ويفتقرن إلى وسائل التمثيل القانوني للطعن في احتجازهن.[23]

ويضاعف  انهيار نظام الرعاية الصحية[24]  من معاناة الناجيات من العنف القائم على النوع الاجتماعي والعنف الجنسي اللواتي يفتقرن إلى الرعاية الطبية الكافية والدعم النفسي والاجتماعي. ومن غير الوصول إلى الرعاية الصحية الجنسية والإنجابية الضرورية،[25] بما فيها الرعاية اللاحقة للاغتصاب،[26] تموت النساء بسبب التهاب الكبد وفيروس نقص المناعة البشرية/الإيدز والزهري وغير ذلك من الأمراض المنقولة جنسيًا. ودون الوصول إلى وسائل منع الحمل الطارئة والإجهاض الآمن،[27] تُجبر الناجيات على إكمال الحمل غير المرغوب فيه حتى الوضع.

وحتى المتطوعات والعاملات في الخطوط الأمامية، اللواتي ينهضن بدور أساسي في مساعدة الناجيات، يتعرضن للاستهداف – بالقتل أو الاغتصاب أو الاحتجاز أو الإخفاء القسري.[28]

ولم يقتصر أثر هذا العنف الجنسي المروّع على تدمير الأرواح فحسب، بل مَزَّقَ مجتمعاتنا.

وهذا ينقلني إلى نقطتي الثانية. لن تتوقف أيّ من هذه الفظاعات دون تحرّكٍ فوري من جانبكم، أعني المجتمع الدولي.

أصحاب السعادة، إنّ التدخل الخارجي غير المنضبط في هذا النزاع يسمح باستمرار هذه الفظائع. ولقد وَثَّقَ فريق الخبراء والمنظمات غير الحكومية الدولية تدفُّق الأسلحة والمعدات العسكرية إلى دارفور، بما في ذلك من الإمارات العربية المتحدة، في انتهاك لحظر الأسلحة الذي فرضه هذا المجلس.[29] فيمكنكم وقف العنف من خلال الضغط على الداعمين الأقوياء لقوات الدعم السريع بعواقب اقتصادية وسياسية وجنائية.

على مجلس الأمن هذا التحرُّك فورًا لوقف العنف في السودان من خلال اتخاذ الإجراءات التالية:

  • المطالبة بالوقف الفوري للأعمال العدائية واستهداف المدنيين والبنية التحتية المدنية، بما في ذلك استخدام التجويع والعنف الجنسي كأدوات حرب. والمطالبة بإطلاق سراح جميع المدنيين المحتجزين لدى الأطراف المتحاربة، ولا سيّما النساء اللواتي تحتجزهن قوات الدعم السريع في ظروف تصل إلى حد الاستعباد الجنسي. ونشر بعثة ذات تفويض واضح لحماية المدنيين في جميع أنحاء السودان، وخاصة دارفور، بالتعاون مع الاتحاد الأفريقي.
  • دعوة جميع الدول الأعضاء إلى الوقف الفوري لنقل الأسلحة التي قد تُستخدَم لارتكاب جرائم حرب أو جرائم ضد الإنسانية أو إبادة جماعية، بما في ذلك العنف القائم على النوع الاجتماعي والعنف الجنسي. وتوسيع حظر الأسلحة ليشمل السودان بأكمله، ومحاسبة المخالفين، بما في ذلك من خلال العقوبات الموجهة. والحيلولة دون أن يكون السودان ملعبًا للجهات الإقليمية.
  • المطالبة بوصول المساعدات الإنسانية بشكل آمن وفوري ومستدام. وإدانة جميع الاعتداءات على إيصال المساعدات، بما في ذلك الهجوم الأخير على قافلة برنامج الأغذية العالمي في شمال كردفان.[30] وتوفير الدعم والموارد بشكل عاجل للمنظمات السودانية التي تقودها النساء، بما في ذلك غرف الاستجابة للطوارئ، حتى يتمكنّ ويتمكنوا من مواصلة عملهم المنقذ للحياة.
  • محاسبة جميع الجناة على الإبادة الجماعية والجرائم الدولية الأخرى، بما في ذلك جميع أشكال العنف القائم على النوع الاجتماعي.[31] ودعم جهود المساءلة، بما في ذلك العمل الجاري للمحكمة الجنائية الدولية، ودعوة جميع الأطراف إلى السماح بالوصول للمراقبين والمحققين المستقلين، بما في ذلك بعثة الأمم المتحدة الدولية المستقلة لتقصي الحقائق في السودان.

 

تهدف هذه الحرب إلى تجريد النساء من إرادتهن. لذا، يجب عليكم ضمان إشراك النساء السودانيات بكافة تنوعاتهن بشكل فعَّال في جميع الجهود الرامية لحل النزاع.[32]

وعلى هذا المجلس أن يفعل كل ما في وسعه لمنع وقوع المزيد من الفظائع، ولضمان عدم نسيان السودان. ولذا أحثكم على الاجتماع بشكل أكثر تكرارًا لتركيز الاهتمام على السودان، والنظر في إجراء زيارة قُطرية، وإدراج حقوق المرأة في جميع قراراتكم المتعلقة بهذا النزاع. والأهم من ذلك، يجب عليكم ضمان أن لا تأتي أيّ نهاية لهذا النزاع على حساب المساءلة أو احترام القانون الدولي، وأن تشرف الأمم المتحدة على ذلك.

أصحاب السعادة، بينما تسعون إلى إيجاد حلول للحرب في السودان، أحثكم على أن تتذكروا أنني، مثل آلاف النساء والرجال السودانيين الآخرين، كرّست حياتي لمناهضة القمع والدكتاتورية. وقد أثبتنا مرارًا أننا قادرون على قيادة نضال السودان من أجل السلام والديمقراطية. ويجب أن يُكتب مستقبل السودان بأيدي بناته وأبنائه. شكرًا لكم.

 

[1] UN Security Council Briefing on Sudan by Hala Al-Karib, 13 September 2021, https://www.womenpeacesecurity.org/resource/un-security-council-briefing-sudan-hala-al-karib/.

[2] Statement by Ms. Hala Al Karib at the UN Security Council Open Debate on Women, Peace and Security, 25 October 2023, https://www.womenpeacesecurity.org/resource/statement-hala-alkarib-security-council-open-debate-women-peace-security/.

[3] OHCHR, “‘They were shooting us like animals’: RSF final offensive and capture of besieged El Fasher (24-30 October 2025),” 13 February 2026, https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/countries/sudan/2026-02-13-rsf-offensive-fasher-capture-1-en.pdf; OHCHR, “Report of OHCHR Sudan Country Office on the siege of El Fasher, North Darfur since May 2024,” 20 December 2024, https://www.ohchr.org/en/documents/country-reports/report-ohchr-sudan-country-office-siege-el-fasher-north-darfur-may-2024.

[4] UNHCR, “Sudan Situation,” accessed 9 February 2026, https://data.unhcr.org/en/situations/sudansituation; OCHA, “Sudan Key Facts and Figures (as of 31 December 2025),” https://www.unocha.org/publications/report/sudan/sudan-key-facts-and-figures-31-december-2025; Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan [hereinafter “Sudan FFM”], “Sudan: A War of Atrocities,” ¶31-32, 41-43, 87, 104, 132, 5 September 2025, A/HRC/60/22, https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/ffm-sudan/a-hrc-60-22-auv.pdf [hereinafter “Sudan: A War of Atrocities”].

[5] Famine Early Warning System Network, “Sudan – Key Message Update: Famine remains possible despite siege breakthrough in South Kordofan (January – May 2026), 6 February 2026, https://fews.net/east-africa/sudan/key-message-update/january-2026; IPC, “Famine threshold for acute malnutrition surpassed in two more North Darfur localities, crisis worsening in Greater Kordofan,” 5 February 2026, https://www.ipcinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/ipcinfo/docs/IPC_Alert_Sudan_Feb2026.pdf; IPC, “Famine Review Committee: Sudan, October 2025,” 3 November 2025, https://www.ipcinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/ipcinfo/docs/IPC_Famine_Review_Committee_Report_Sudan_Oct_2025.pdf.

[6] Press Conference by Under-Secretary-General and Special Adviser of the Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide, Mr. Chaloka Beyani, 18 December 2025, https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/usg_and_sa_pog_beyani_press_statement_on_sudan_18dec2025.pdf; Darfur Advocacy Group, “Report on the Situation in El Fasher, North Darfur,” 3 November 2025, https://sihanet.org/report-on-the-situation-in-el-fasher-north-darfur/; Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect, “Joint Statement: Genocide Returns to Darfur,” 15 April 2025, https://www.globalr2p.org/publications/joint-statement-genocide-returns-to-darfur/; Briefing to the 57th session of the Human Rights Council by Ms. Alice Wairimu Nderitu, Under-Secretary General and Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide, 10 September 2024, https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/usg_sa_nderitu_human_rights_council_sudan_10_sep_2024.pdf.

[7] SIHA Network, “More than Numbers: Report on the State of Violence Against Women and Girls in Sudan (2023-2025),” 10 December 2025, https://sihanet.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/SIHA-More-Than-Numbers-Report-Final.pdf; Amnesty International, “‘They Raped All of Us’: Sexual Violence Against Women and Girls in Sudan,” 10 April 2025, https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/afr54/9201/2025/en/; Human Rights Watch, “‘Khartoum is Not Safe for Women!’: Sexual Violence against Women and Girls in Sudan’s Capital,” 28 July 2024, https://www.hrw.org/report/2024/07/28/khartoum-not-safe-women/sexual-violence-against-women-and-girls-sudans-capital.

[8] Sudan FFM, “Findings of the investigations conducted by the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan into violations of international human rights law and international humanitarian law, and related crimes, committed in the Sudan in the context of the conflict that erupted in mid-April 2023,” ¶153-164, A/HRC/57/CRP.6, 23 October 2024, https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session57/A-HRC-57-CRP-6-en.pdf [hereinafter “A/HRC/57/CRP.6”]; Human Rights Watch, “‘The Massalit Will Not Come Home’: Ethnic Cleansing and Crimes Against Humanity in El Geneina, West Darfur, Sudan,” 9 May 2024, https://www.hrw.org/report/2024/05/09/massalit-will-not-come-home/ethnic-cleansing-and-crimes-against-humanity-el; Final report of the Panel of Experts on the Sudan, ¶69-76, 15 January 2024, S/2024/65, https://docs.un.org/en/S/2024/65.

[9] Nathaniel Raymond, Caitlin Howarth et. al., “Human Security Emergency – Day Two of RSF Control: Mass Killings Continue in El-Fasher,” Humanitarian Research Lab at Yale School of Public Health, 28 October 2025, https://files-profile.medicine.yale.edu/documents/b9c14991-6b22-492e-9e16-f903d25d9b49; Nathaniel Raymond, Caitlin Howarth, et. al., “Human Security Emergency – El-Fasher Falls to RSF: Evidence of Mass Killing,” Humanitarian Research Lab at Yale School of Public Health, 27 October 2025, https://files-profile.medicine.yale.edu/documents/876b4afc-e1da-495b-ac32-b5098699a371.

[10] OHCHR, “Sudan: Turk alarmed after scores killed in drone attacks in two days,” 18 February 2026, https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2026/02/sudan-turk-alarmed-after-scores-killed-drone-attacks-two-days;  Al Jazeera, “Drone attack on busy market in Sudan kills at least 28,” 16 February 2026, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/2/16/drone-strike-on-busy-market-in-sudan-kills-at-least-28; UN News, “Civilians and aid operations under fire as Sudan airstrikes intensify,” 11 February 2026, https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/02/1166945; OHCHR, “High Commissioner Turk calls on states to do more to end senseless war in Sudan,” 9 February 2026, https://www.ohchr.org/en/statements-and-speeches/2026/02/high-commissioner-turk-calls-states-do-more-end-senseless-war-sudan [noting drone attacks in North and South Kordofan by RSF and SAF in early 2026].

[11] SIHA Network supra note 7; Statement by Ms. Ikhlass Ahmed at the UN Security Council Open Debate on Conflict-Related Sexual Violence, 19 August 2025, https://www.womenpeacesecurity.org/resource/statement-unsc-crsv-open-debate-ahmed/; Report of the Secretary-General on conflict-related sexual violence, ¶58-61, 15 July 2025, S/2025/389,https://docs.un.org/en/s/2025/389.

[12] 87% of cases documented by SIHA where perpetrator information was available were attributed to RSF soldiers. SIHA Network supra note 7, p. 6.

[13] Statement by Ms. Ikhlass Ahmed supra note 11; Statement by Ms. Niemat Ahmadi at the UN Security Council Open Debate on Conflict-Related Sexual Violence, 23 April 2024, https://www.womenpeacesecurity.org/resource/statement-unsc-crsv-open-debate-ahmadi/.

[14] Sudan FFM, “Sudan: A War of Atrocities” ¶64-65, 68-70; Sudan FFM, A/HRC/57/CRP.6, ¶159, 182, 197.

[15] Sudan FFM, “Sudan: Hallmarks of Genocide in El-Fasher,” 17 February 2026, A/HRC/61/77, https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session61/advance-version/a-hrc-61-77-auv-en.pdf; International Criminal Court, “The Prosecutor v. Ali Muhammad Ali Abd-al-Rahman (‘Ali Kushayb’) – Trial Judgment,” ¶278-289, 431-435, 866-870, 6 October 2025, ICC-02/05-01/20, https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/CourtRecords/0902ebd180cb3b4e.pdf;  Human Rights Watch, “Mass Rape in North Darfur: Sudanese Army Attacks against Civilians in Tabit,” 11 February 2015, https://www.hrw.org/report/2015/02/11/mass-rape-north-darfur/sudanese-army-attacks-against-civilians-tabit.

[16] OHCHR, “‘They were shooting us like animals’: RSF final offensive and capture of besieged El Fasher (24-30 October 2025),” ¶73-74, 13 February 2026, https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/countries/sudan/2026-02-13-rsf-offensive-fasher-capture-1-en.pdf; Emergency Telecommunications Cluster, “ETC Sudan Dashboard – January 2026,” 3 February 2026, https://etcluster.org/document/etc-sudan-dashboard-january-2026 [indicating internet connectivity is suspended in Darfur]; MSF, “MSF finds El Fasher largely destroyed and empty during visit,” 28 January 2026, https://www.msf.org/msf-finds-el-fasher-sudan-largely-destroyed-and-empty-during-visit [noting restricted access to RSF-controlled El Fasher]; Committee to Protect Journalists, “As Sudan’s El-Fasher falls, the world loses sight of its journalists,” updated 4 November 2025, https://cpj.org/2025/10/as-sudans-el-fasher-falls-the-world-loses-sight-of-its-journalists/.

[17] Based on internal documentation by SIHA.

[18] OHCHR, “‘They were shooting us like animals’: RSF final offensive and capture of besieged El Fasher (24-30 October 2025),” ¶78, 83, 13 February 2026, https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/countries/sudan/2026-02-13-rsf-offensive-fasher-capture-1-en.pdf;Sudan FFM, “Sudan: A War of Atrocities,” ¶45-48; Redress, “Serious Human Rights Violations Perpetrated in the Context of Mass Civilian Detention in Sudan,” pp. 27-28, September 2024, https://redress.org/storage/2024/09/Sudan-Arbitrary-Detention-Report_EN-v.2.pdf.

[19] Mohaned Elnour, “Forced Marriage in Sudan: A Silent Crime Perpetrated in War and Peace,” Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy, 21 November 2024, https://timep.org/2024/11/21/forced-marriage-in-sudan-a-silent-crime-perpetrated-in-war-and-peace/; Human Rights Watch supra note 7, pp. 43-45; OHCHR, “Sudan: Alarming reports of women and girls abducted and forced to marry, held for ransom,” 3 November 2023, https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-briefing-notes/2023/11/sudan-alarming-reports-women-and-girls-abducted-and-forced-marry-held.

[20] Human Rights Watch supra note 7, pp. 25-28 [legal framework pertaining to SGBV]. In addition, Sudan has not acceded to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), and has signed but not ratified the Maputo Protocol. Sudan FFM, A/HRC/57/CRP.6, ¶36.

[21] SIHA Network supra note 7, p. 21; ISHR, “Sudan: Over 25 women face charges that could lead to execution,” 14 April 2025, https://ishr.ch/latest-updates/sudan-over-25-women-facing-charges-that-could-lead-to-execution/.

[22] Redress supra note 18, pp. 21-22.

[23] SIHA Network supra note 7, p. 21; Redress supra note 18, p. 26.

[24] As of late 2025, over 80% of health facilities in conflict zones were non-functional. UNFPA, “Situation Report on the Crisis in Sudan – 1-30 November 2025,” 28 December 2025, https://www.unfpa.org/resources/situation-report-crisis-sudan-november-2025.

[25] Sudan FFM, A/HRC/57/CRP.6, ¶211-215; OHCHR, “Sudan: Experts call for immediate support for survivors of gender-based violence and an end to targeting of women first responders and human rights defenders,” 30 August 2024, https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2024/08/sudan-experts-call-immediate-support-survivors-gender-based-violence-and-end.

[26] Human Rights Watch supra note 7, pp. 59-62.

[27] Sudan FFM, A/HRC/57/CRP.6, ¶206-207; Human Rights Watch supra note 7, pp. 68-71.

[28] SIHA Network, “Press Statement – Darfur Genocide Continues: RSF Slaughters Civilians, Women Volunteers, and Children in Zamzam Camp,” 12 April 2025, https://sihanet.org/press-statement-darfur-genocide-continues-rsf-slaughters-civilians-women-volunteers-and-children-in-zamzam-camp/; Sudan FFM, A/HRC/57/CRP.6, ¶313; OHCHR, “Sudan: Experts call for immediate support for survivors of gender-based violence and an end to targeting of women first responders and human rights defenders,” 30 August 2024, https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2024/08/sudan-experts-call-immediate-support-survivors-gender-based-violence-and-end; Human Rights Watch supra note 7, pp. 64-66.

[29] Amnesty International, “Sudan: Advanced Chinese weaponry provided by UAE identified in breach of arms embargo – new investigation,” 8 May 2025, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/05/sudan-advanced-chinese-weaponry-provided-by-uae-identified-in-breach-of-arms-embargo-new-investigation/; Final report of the Panel of Experts on Sudan supra note 8, ¶41-52; Amnesty International, “Sudan: French-manufactured weapons system identified in conflict – new investigation,” 14 November 2024, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/11/sudan-french-manufactured-weapons-system-identified-in-conflict-new-investigation/; Human Rights Watch, “Fanning the Flames: Sudanese Warring Parties’ Access to New Foreign-Made Weapons and Equipment,” 9 September 2024, https://www.hrw.org/news/2024/09/09/fanning-flames; Amnesty International, “Sudan: Constant flow of arms fuelling relentless civilian suffering in conflict – new investigation,” 25 July 2024, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/07/sudan-constant-flow-of-arms-fuelling-relentless-civilian-suffering-in-conflict-new-investigation/.

[30] Statement by the United Nations Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator in Sudan, Denise Brown – Attack on aid trucks transporting food in North Kordofan, 6 February 2026, https://reliefweb.int/report/sudan/statement-united-nations-resident-and-humanitarian-coordinator-sudan-denise-brown-attack-aid-trucks-transporting-food-north-kordofan-6-february-2026.

[31] See Statement by UN Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict, 11 November 2025, https://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/press-release/un-special-representative-on-sexual-violence-in-conflict-ms-pramila-patten-condemns-brutal-attacks-in-north-darfur-and-north-kordofan-and-calls-on-all-parties-to-take-immediate-measures-to-cease-a/.

[32] Sudanese women have been excluded from formal peace negotiations since the beginning of the war. See Darfur Women Action Group, “Women, Peace, and Justice in Sudan: 25 Years of 1325,” https://www.darfurwomenaction.org/press_release/darfur-women-action-group-dwag-statement-for-women-peace-and-security-week-2025/.

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Ayan Mohamed Djama

Legal and Social Consultant

Ayan Mohamed Djama is a Legal and Social Consultant with strong expertise in judicial, port, and associative matters, and solid experience in designing, managing, and evaluating high-impact social, legal, and educational programmes. Internationally trained in Senegal, Kenya, France, and the United States, she supports NGOs, institutions, and private sector actors while leading community initiatives focused on the training, empowerment, and leadership of young women, girls, and youth to foster more just, inclusive, and resilient societies.

Bibiana Joseph Awad

SOUTH SUDAN PROJECTS OFFICER

Bibiana Joseph Awad holds a Master’s degree in Education in Emergency from the University of Juba. She is an activist and the Projects Officer at the SIHA Network in South Sudan, where she oversees critical initiatives focused on supporting survivors of gender-based violence (GBV). Bibiana manages the One Stop Centre at Wau Teaching Hospital, a facility that provides comprehensive services to GBV survivors, including medical care, psychosocial support, and legal assistance. She works closely with local communities, healthcare providers, legal institutions, and women’s coalitions to address the urgent challenges of GBV in South Sudan.

Through the One Stop Centre, Bibiana has strengthened the capacity of service providers and protection groups while advocating for the rights of women and girls affected by violence. In her free time, she enjoys reading books, listening to music, and engaging on social media.

Jackie Bless Pinyoloya

UGANDA PROJECT OFFICER

Jackie Bless Pinyoloya is the Project Officer at SIHA Network in Uganda; where she passionately champions feminist principles and gender justice. With a solid foundation in gender issues, advocacy, and economic empowerment for women, Jackie brings a wealth of expertise, particularly in the informal sector.

Currently pursuing a Master’s Degree in Gender Studies at Makerere University School of Women and Gender Studies, Jackie is committed to advancing her knowledge and understanding of gender dynamics. She also holds a Bachelor of Arts (BA) in Social Sciences with a major in Gender Studies from Makerere University Kampala, reflecting her dedication to exploring and addressing social inequalities.

In her role, Jackie combines her academic background with practical experience, contributing significantly to the organization’s mission of promoting gender equality and empowerment. Her dedication to feminist principles is evident in her work towards creating positive change in the lives of women in Arua and beyond.

Adla Abubker

SUDAN PROTECTION & EMERGENCY RESPONSE COORDINATOR

Adla Abubker is a women’s rights activist from Sudan with more than 15 years’ experience of working toward gender equality in Sudan. She holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Rural Development from Ahfad University for Women in Sudan. Her areas of expertise include working with grassroots communities, women’s economic empowerment, gender activism and negotiating with men to change inequitable attitudes.

Currently, Ms Abubker a Program Officer with SIHA in Sudan, where she oversees SIHA’s work on building women movement, and women in Islam, reforming gender-discriminatory legislation, and engaging youth on issues of gender, religion, and race. She believes that the link between religion and law is in dire need of reform, and that discriminatory interpretations of Islam are a root cause of violence against women in Sudan.

Neimat Abas

SUDAN COUNTRY COORDINATOR

Neimat Abas brings over ten years of experience in the nonprofit sector. She holds a bachelor’s degree in law from Juba University and a master’s degree in Gender and Governance from Ahfad University for Women in Sudan, where her research focused on women’s political participation at the local level. Neimat is currently the Coordinator for the SIHA Network in Sudan.

Before joining SIHA Network, Neimat worked with the Arab Association for Constitutional Law in Tunisia, Oxfam America in Sudan, and Women for Women International in Washington, DC. She has played a key role in the development, implementation, and ongoing enhancement of high-quality women’s empowerment programs in eight conflict-affected countries.

Neimat has also been actively involved in the leadership of the Students Association and various political and civil society organizations for several years. As a result, she has developed strong skills in working with university students to organize political campaigns, raise public awareness about civil rights, and build democratic organizations and institutions.

Yousef Ahmed Abdi (Timacade)

SOMALI REGION PROGRAMME COORDINATOR

Yousef Ahmed Abdi (Timacade) is a Lawyer and Legal Analyst holding a Master’s Degree in Law and Executive Management. Over the past decade, he has consistently demonstrated dedication through his work with national and international non-governmental organizations, focusing on critical areas such as human rights, program management, and research within Somalia and Somaliland.

Currently serving as the Somali Region Programme Coordinator for the SIHA Network, Yousef embodies not only legal prowess but also a deep commitment to women’s human rights advocacy. He is also known for his prolific blogging and commentary, dedicated to raising awareness about human rights issues. His unwavering dedication to gender equality propels him into the role of advocate for marginalized communities, striving to amplify their voices and effect transformative change. Yousef specializes in championing egalitarian ideals and advancing progressive reforms in the Somali region, with a particular emphasis on achieving gender parity.

Yousef is a valued member of the editorial board of the Women in Islam journal. His numerous writings delve into the intricacies of human rights, particularly those affecting Muslim women.

Zemdena Abebe

ETHIOPIA PROGRAM COORDINATOR

Zemdena Abebe is the founder of Afri-colors, a social-enterprise startup, curating made-in-Africa products, crafted by women. As a Pan-Africanist -womanist- she refuses to be erased and amplifies the voices of women through her research, writing, multimedia -storytelling, organizing, and activism: disrupting intersecting oppressive systems. Her social justice advocacy work started in high school; Chaired Addis Ababa Girls’ Forum– which facilitated discussions amongst girls laying the foundation for legislative intervention against sexual abuse in Ethiopia. As the first women president of Addis Ababa University Students’ Union: she reaffirmed the need and organized various youth-led movements despite the hostile university context. One of the 22 young African women selected as part of the writing for social change workshop organized by AWDF and FEMRITE in Kampala, Uganda. An alumnus of the prestigious Mandela Washington Fellowship.

Amongst her multilayered affiliations, she sits on the advisory council of ActionAid Ethiopia. Previously, she worked with UNICEF Ethiopia and consulted many other local and international organizations such as the EU, FEMNET.HBF, FHS, TRUST AFRICA, etc. Volunteered for the African Union (African Academy of languages in Bamako, Mali: as a research and Marketing Assistant. Zemdena is a graduate of Political Science & International Relations, who often likes to dance her way to freedom. Asserting the notion that African women, girls & non-binary folks have the right to a life free of heteronormative -capitalist -anti-black -patriarchal terror based on their overlapping otherness: her work reaffirms that human progress is achieved through imagining a better world through the realization of a transnational strong justice-centered human kinship. Zemdena’s writings of resistance can be found on Pambazuka, Africa is a Country, HBF, African Feminism et al

Ramatoulie Isatou Jallow

REGIONAL ADVOCACY & RESEARCH OFFICER

Ramatoulie Isatou Jallow (L.L.M Graduate in National Security Law, Georgetown, 2023 and in Human Rights and Democratization in Africa University of Pretoria, Centre for Human Rights, 2021) is a peace practitioner and attorney from Botswana and the Gambia, specializing in human rights, democratization, national security, conflict prevention and women, peace and security. In her previous professional experiences, she worked for the African Union, the United States Institute for Peace, and the Georgetown Center for National Security. Immediately before joining SIHA Network, Ramatoulie was also the Mary Frances Berry Senior Fellow at the Center for Ethics and Rule of Law, affiliated with the Annenberg Public Policy Center at the University of Pennsylvania. Here she led research on the military coups in the Sahel and West African region, civic education in the military and indefinite detention.

Her publications include Covid- 19 and Intrastate Armed Conflicts in Africa, Beyond the Outbreak: Creating a Sustainable Peace Culture in Botswana and Intergenerational Peacebuilding Among Women: Leveraging the Power of Collaboration, which she co-authored.

Outside of work, Ramatoulie is an avid reader, lover of poetry, culture, art and music.

Martin Maate Bwambale

REGIONAL HUMAN RESOURCE OFFICER

Martin Maate Bwambale is the Regional Human Resource Officer at SIHA Network, with over 8 years of progressive HR experience in both the private and not-for-profit sectors across the Greater Horn of Africa. As a member of the Human Resource Managers Association of Uganda, Martin is passionate about creating human capital-centric environments that foster a positive employee experience and contribute to the achievement of organizational goals. He is dedicated to helping individuals unlock their potential and become better versions of themselves by implementing sound HR practices and policies.

One of Martin’s key accomplishments includes serving as the Chairperson of the HR COVID-19 SOP Taskforce Committee, which was established by the Uganda INGO Country Directors Forum. He played a vital role in drafting standard operating procedures for workplace COVID-19 prevention, response, and control, as well as work-from-home policies, which were adopted in 2022.

Martin holds a Bachelor of Business Administration in Production and Operations from Bugema University and is currently pursuing a Master of Business Administration in Human Resource Management at Cavendish University.

Outside of his professional life, Martin enjoys playing soccer with C Club, a corporate soccer team in Kampala, Uganda, for health, leisure, and networking. He is also passionate about singing and traveling.

REGIONAL SENIOR FINANCE OFFICER

REGIONAL SENIOR FINANCE OFFICER

Sauda Kayaga is SIHA Network’s Regional Senior Finance Officer. A trained Statistician, she holds a bachelor’s degree in Statistics from Makerere University. Sauda has 2 years of experience in statistical research and analysis, 3 years in cashiering and banking, and over 5 years in project financial management. She has a strong aptitude for working with complex financial modelling and analysis and a deep understanding of financial systems and procedures. Sauda is highly passionate about her work and brings a keen attention to detail and expertise to every aspect of her role.

Justine Namuyanja

REGIONAL PROCUREMENT & COMPLIANCE OFFICER

Justine Namuyanja is the Procurement & Compliance Officer at SIHA Network, bringing over a decade of experience to the organization. Throughout her career at SIHA, she has made significant contributions to the finance, procurement, administration, human resources, and compliance sectors. Justine has consistently demonstrated her ability to manage procurement processes efficiently while ensuring compliance with both internal and external standards. Her expertise also includes optimizing operational workflows and improving the transparency and efficiency of financial systems, all of which are essential to the success of SIHA’s work. Justine’s role is also critical in upholding the integrity and accountability of SIHA’s operations.

Sandra Nassali

REGIONAL ADVOCACY & COMMUNICATIONS COORDINATOR

Sandra is an accomplished communication professional passionate about building knowledge and conducting strategic advocacy initiatives that advance the rights of women and girls.

In addition to feminist activism works, she has, in the last 15 years, pursued her career ambitions in areas of climate change mitigation and adaptation, agriculture and food security, social enterprise development, public health, as well as ICT for Development.

Sandra holds a Master of Arts in Development Journalism and Communication (Strategic & Corporate Communication Management major), plus a Bachelor of Mass Communication (Public Relations & Marketing major) from Makerere University in Kampala Uganda.

Furthermore, she holds a Post Graduate Diploma in ICT for Development and Social Good from the Spanish Telecentres and ICT Spaces Academy in Spain.

Twitter: @SandraNassali

Shinaz Rehema Ali-Zaids

REGIONAL GRANTS AND CAPACITY BUILDING COORDINATOR

Shinaz Rehema Ali-Zaids (She/Her) is a passionate and dedicated advocate for social justice. Her professional journey has focused on women’s rights, marginalized communities, natural resource governance, and climate change. With over a decade of experience in the women’s funding sector, she has offered strategic guidance to international organizations on community-driven, participatory grantmaking.

Deeply committed to her local Nubian community, Shinaz actively engages in local initiatives and serves on various boards to amplify the voices of marginalized groups. Her work addressing human rights gaps at the grassroots level has shaped her passion for strengthening social systems that protect the rights of vulnerable populations. A strong advocate for wellness, Shinaz prioritizes self-care and collective care within teams, recognizing that sustainable social change is rooted in both individual and collective well-being.

Throughout her career, Shinaz has collaborated closely with women to develop long-term, sustainable solutions to their most pressing needs. Her expertise in movement building has been key to expanding programs across diverse regions of Africa. In her current role as the Regional Grants and Capacity Building Coordinator, she supports SIHA Network’s country teams in executing impactful work and scaling their initiatives. Shinaz also provides critical support to women and communities in conflict and post-conflict settings, ensuring their safety, security, and ongoing activism in advancing women’s rights.

Mercy Apiyo Owuor

REGIONAL COORDINATOR: MONITORING, EVALUATION & LEARNING

Mercy is a Public Health Professional with a keen interest in gender equality, equity, and social inclusion. She has over 15 years of experience in programme design and management, as well as monitoring, learning, and evaluation.

This is expertise Mercy has gathered by managing and coordinating multiple projects while working with government entities and civil society organisations at the grassroots, national, and international levels.

Mercy holds a Master of Community Health and Development from the Great Lakes University of Kisumu, and a Bachelor’s Degree in Sociology from Moi University in Eldoret Kenya.

Twitter: @MercyOwuor2

Mayada Eltayeb

HEAD OF FINANCE & ADMINISTRATION

Mayada Eltayeb is the Head of Finance and Administration at SIHA Network. She joined the organization in 2008 with over a decade of experience in finance and organizational management, leading SIHA’s strategic financial planning and resource management. Born in Sudan and raised in the United Arab Emirates, Mayada earned her bachelor’s degree in accounting from Ahfad University in Sudan in 2005.

Before joining SIHA, she had gained extensive experience working with various audit and accounting firms, refining her skills in financial analysis and reporting. Under her leadership, SIHA’s Finance and Administration division has strengthened financial processes and policies, ensuring compliance, transparency, and the effective allocation of resources. Mayada’s efforts have been pivotal in supporting the organization’s sustainability and operational excellence. She has also completed several specialized training courses in NGO financial management in Uganda and South Africa, further enhancing her expertise and leadership capabilities.

Faizat Badmus-Busari

REGIONAL PROGRAMME MANAGER

Faizat Badmus-Busari is the Regional Programme Manager at SIHA Network. With a strong background in program management and a Doctor of Juridical Science (SJD) degree from Emory University School of Law, she expertly navigates the crossroads of gender, law, religion, and social justice, serving marginalized communities, especially women and girls.

Before SIHA, Faizat held significant positions in international organizations like The Carter Center and various United Nations agencies. There, she managed projects ranging from grassroots efforts to global initiatives, focusing on gender equity, social inclusion, democracy, and human rights. At SIHA, she oversees the network’s regional programs, ensuring the mission and vision are effectively carried out across the Horn of Africa. Faizat brings her extensive gender-transformative, legal, and program management expertise to the role. Guided by a belief in collective action and intersectional feminism, Faizat collaborates with organizations and partners to promote women’s rights, peacebuilding, and social justice in the region.

Hala Al-Karib

REGIONAL DIRECTOR

Hala Al karib was born and raised in Sudan and later lived in Canada. She currently lives and works in Uganda. She has lived and worked in South Sudan, Kenya and Egypt as well the Eastern and Horn of Africa for over 20 years. Hala’s work specifically focuses on women and girls rights activism and social movement as well as refugees and displaced persons and minority community’s challenges. She has wide and comprehensive expertise on the Horn and Eastern Africa regions, as a civil society worker/activist, and social and gender research practitioner. Her educational background is on Human rights, women studies and Psychology. In addition to her work as the Regional Director of SIHA Network, she worked for various international and regional organizations/institutions among them; The College of Social & Economic Studies, Juba University in South Sudan where she worked as a Research Assistant; The sociology department at the American University in Cairo as an Assistant Researcher; Immigrant Women of Saskatchewan Inc. in Canada as the Program Director; Trocaire, an Irish Organization as Grant Officer based in Sudan. She has also worked as a consultant with various international and UN Humanitarian organizations, including; Goal Ireland, World University Services, Accord International and Concern International.

She is a regular contributor to many online and print media outlets. Her writing is focused on activism, women’s rights and social justice. Some of her recent articles are published in: Aljazeera, Open Democracy, Sudan Tribune The Pambazuka, the New Humanitarian and the East African Newspaper. She is the Editorial head of SIHA Journal – Women in Islam in the Horn of Africa (Arabic & English).

Twitter: @Halayalkarib

Kadra Omar

Kadra is a Social Worker from Djibouti currently working with the Ministry of the Promotion of Women & Family Welfare & Social Affairs- Djibouti. She is also a member of the Djiboutian Women’s Union. Kadra currently serves on the Program Advisory.

Dr. Lyn Ossome

Dr. Lyn Ossome is the Director of the Makerere Institute of Social Research (MISR), Makerere University. She received her PhD in Political Studies from Wits University. Her specializations and taught courses are in the fields of feminist political economy and feminist political theory, with particular research interests in land and agrarian studies, gendered labour, queer feminist histories and the political economy of gendered violence. She currently serves on the Program Advisory

Aluel Atem

Aluel Atem is a seasoned development economist, blogger, and African Feminist Activist hailing from South Sudan. With over eight years of dedicated experience, her primary focus has been on gender and conflict transformation. Currently serving as a Senior Program Officer at the United States Institute of Peace (USIP), Aluel holds the role of USIP’s In-country (Kenya) lead for the Border Security Training Program (BSTP). In addition to her role at USIP, Aluel is a co-founder of two women’s rights initiatives: Ma’ Mara Sakit Village and Crown the Woman-South Sudan, both based in South Sudan.

Rose Baryamutuma

Rose is a programme monitoring and evaluation expert with over 15 years of experience providing specialized services for program design, organization capacity assessments, facilitating training and M&E. She has also provided technical support to institutions to develop and cost strategic plans. Rose has broad research experience/evaluation in the areas of HIV and AIDS, Sexual and Reproductive Health. As GBV Focal Person she provides technical support to the GBV National TWG on general program and M&E specifically.

Kimberley Armstrong

Kimberley Armstrong holds a PhD in Anthropology from McGill University in Canada. Her research focused on transitional justice, conflict, and displacement in Northern Uganda, with previous studies on rural-to-urban migration of women in Senegal. She is currently working with the Ministry of Social Development and Poverty Reduction in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, as the Manager of Program Evaluation and Reporting. Prior to joining the Ministry, she served as SIHA Network’s Regional Programmes Manager for over six years.

Jemimah Naburri-Kaheru

Currently serving as the Association for Women’s Rights in Development [AWID]’s Deputy Director of Human Resources, is an accomplished international Human Rights [HR] strategist with a significant experience in the Horn of Africa region. With a background in Development Studies from Makerere University (Uganda) and an ongoing MBA in Human Resource Management, Jemimah is dedicated to continuous professional development. Her contributions to building high-performance workforces and her leadership in international HR make her an invaluable asset to any global enterprise. Additionally, Jemimah serves as the Program Advisor, supporting with operations at SIHA Network.

Abdifatah Hassan Ali

Abdifatah is a Somali human rights defender with extensive experience in advocacy within the civil society arena. He is the Founder of the Digital Shelter – a local initiative founded in March 2018 by activists who are passionate about the intersection between technology and human rights in Somalia with the aim of promoting digital safety, digital rights and inclusion and internet freedom in the growing digital civic space of Somalia. He holds a Masters Degree in Human rights. Currently works for the UN as a Human rights officer in Somalia

Guleid Ahmed Jama

​Guleid is an active human rights defender and an Attorney at law the Xaqdoon Law Firm​, based​ in Somaliland. He is the ​C​o-founder and former ​C​hairperson of Human Rights Center (HRC), a human rights advocacy organization ​also based in Somaliland. ​​Guleid currently serv​es​ as a Program Advisor.

Asmahan Hassen

Ms. Asmahan is one of the founders of SIHA, currently serving as Advisor to the SIHA Board. She is currently Chairperson of Nagaad Network in Somaliland. She has also served as Chairperson of the Somaliland Women’s Research and Action Group (SOWRAG). Asmahan is actively involved in the Somaliland women rights arena as a women human rights defender. Her tenure spans 23 years. She is a graduate of Arts and Humanities from the University of Khartoum.

Peace Twine Kyamureku

Peace Twine Kyamureku is the Executive Director of the Ruth Fund Uganda. She is a secondary school teacher by profession, holding a Master of Arts Degree from Makerere University and has trained in Gender, Human Rights and Civil Society Studies. She currently serves on the Advisory to the SIHA Board.

Saba Gebremedhin

Saba is currently the Executive Director of the Network of Ethiopian Women’s Associations (NEWA), a member organization of SIHA Network. Saba is a Lawyer in the Ethiopian Courts of Law by training and profession having served as a Special Prosecutor. She is also one of the founders of the Ethiopian Women Lawyers Association (EWLA). In her tenure, she has served as a Consultant at the IGAD Gender Unit and the African Union Women, Gender and Development Directorate (WGDD).

Kaltun Hassan

Ms. Kaltun is a Gender Expert and Women Rights Activist from Somaliland. She has served in a number of positions within civil society organizations advocating for, and working in women’s rights, gender equality, and peace-building. She serves on the Board of Directors of Women Advocacy and Progress organization (WAAPO). Kaltun was recently re-elected as the only woman on the Somaliland Electoral Commission.

Fadwo Hassan

Fadwo Hassan Jimale is a Somali woman rights activist with experience spanning 10 years in gender-mainstreaming and social protection of women and children in Somalia. I have Ten (10) years’ experience in excellence of general protection and development of gender mainstreaming. Her experience in GBV survivor work in Somalia has necessitated her participation in women’s movement-building work particularly with the women and Child Cluster in Somalia. Fadwo has represented SIHA in a number of national and regional spaces contributing to SIHA’s mandate of advocating for the acknowledgment of women rights in view of the lived realities of women and girls in the region.

Rigbe Gebrehewariat Hagos

Rigbe is a passionate women rights activist from Ethiopia, trained as a Lawyer and Social Worker, who has dedicated her career to advocating for people with disabilities, especially women. She works to spread awareness about people with disabilities and what they are able to achieve. She is the Co-founder and treasurer of Ethiopian Lawyers with Disabilities Association (ELDA), Co-founder and board chair of Setawit and a member of the United Nations Women Civil Society Advisory Group She is also a 2016 Mandela Washington Fellow. Rigbe sits on the Board of Directors of the Ethiopian Women Lawyers Association (EWLA) – a member of SIHA Network. She currently serves on the SIHA Board of Directors.

Zabib Loro Musa

Zabib Loro Musa is the Executive Director of Women for Justice and Equality (WOJE), a feminist advocacy organization dedicated to advancing and advocating for the rights of women in marginalized communities across South Sudan. At WOJE, she leads the organization’s efforts to implement the Women’s Peace and Security agenda in grassroots communities throughout South Sudan.

Keltun Qasim

Kaltun Qasim is the Director of Women’s Human Rights Education and Environment in Somaliland. Her organization works in different rural and urban centres in Somaliland and has been a member of SIHA for more than 10 years.

Lillian Byarugaba Adriko

Lilian Byarugaba Adriko is the CEO of FIDA-Uganda and is a very well known woman advocate and rights defender in the country playing a significant role in improving the status of women by promoting their socio-economic rights and justice and advancing gender equality within Uganda.

Omayma Elmardi

Ms. Omayma Amin Elmardi is the Director at the National Sudanese Women Association (NSWA) a member organisation of SIHA Network. She holds a Bachelors of Science from Cairo University – Khartoum branch, a Post-graduate Diploma in Development Studies and a Master of Science in Development Planning from the Development Studies and Research Institute (DSRI) University of Khartoum. Omayma currently serves as the Chairperson of the SIHA Board of Directors.